Since 2014, the Oil & Gas sector is facing an unprecedented crisis. The price war between US and Saudi Arabia, together with the embargo in Iran have led to an excess hydrocarbons offer and to a significant crash in oil prices putting all the players of the value chain under immense pressure and demonstrating once more, the volatility in this industry. Beyond this setting however, this crisis is more structural. Even if energy demand is still growing driven by population increase and the industrialization of the emerging countries, the incumbents, used to historical high margins, need to re-invent themselves to better answer the need for cost reduction to remain competitive in the evolving global energy market. They also need to provide innovative solutions to the rising environmental challenges that all the stakeholders are facing.